These heavier vehicles are usually isolated to specific parts of the lot or travel the same path in the lot. Some lots have primarily car traffic, but some have buses and trucks that deliver goods or transport people. The type s of vehicles that use a parking lot vary. Parking lots serve businesses, schools, commuters and other functions. Parking lots are paved areas intended for vehicle parking and can vary widely in size, function, and design. In addition, comparable designs are given for both full-depth asphalt pavement (pavements using asphalt concrete for both base and surface courses) and asphalt over an aggregate base. Minimum pavement thickness designs are given for both small parking areas (50 passenger car stalls or less) and larger facilities (over 50 passenger car stalls). The information contained in this chapter will provide a general guide to proper parking area design, construction, and facility layout. In addition, they should be designed for low maintenance costs and ease of modification for changes in patterns of use. When properly designed and constructed, parking areas can be attractive, safe, and above all, easily and efficiently usable. This first impression is quite important to the overall feeling and atmosphere conveyed by the new facility. Not only is the parking area the first part of a building complex seen by the user, it is the gateway through which all customers, potential customers, employees, visitors, and others pass. Unfortunately, all too often, the important functions of the new facility’s parking area are overlooked. Many long hours are spent developing aesthetically pleasing designs that range in architectural style from Williamsburg Colonial to ultra-modern.
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Most developers enlist the services of an architect or professional engineer because they want their new facility to be attractive, well designed, and functional, whether it is a new shopping center, business offices, school, or apartment complex. The information contained herein is provided as an additional reference source for basic design and construction considerations. All applicable sections of these state and local requirements should be followed.
Many localities have established certain standards and requirements for parking lots, as has the Virginia Department of Transportation. This page addresses some basic considerations that should be evaluated in the design and construction of parking lots. For businesses and commuter lots, the design must consider the use of the pavement by buses, trucks and other heavy vehicles. Please note – The primary objective of parking lot design is to provide safe, efficient vehicular access to parking stalls that serve businesses, commuter lots and residential facilities.
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